System of motor control.



PATENTE!) APR. 2. 1907.

No. MSNM.

G. SGHIEBELER. SYSTEM' 0F MOTOR CONTROL.

AFPLIOATION FILED SEPT.' 5, 1905.

Motor Control, of which the Ii`oll wing is a CARL 'ELECTRlC CONQANY, A CUR "i from Vo .rr-"iin m Pe ist? PORAHON OF NEW S ecification. of Letters Patent.

irai-.entes .apen e, inea Application filed September 5,1905, Serial No. 275,928.

To al?, whom, 'll-; may oon/cern:

Be it known that I, CARL SournnnLnn, a Y subject oi' the King' ol Prussia, residing at Berlin, Germany, have invented certain new and useful improvements in. Systems oi speciiication.

The present invention relates to control apparatus for electric motors, and more particularly for motors which are operated at times as braking generators. in electric hoisting systems, for example, the motor is connected for operation'as a brakiiig-gen'eraH tor in lowering heavy loads and operates only as a motor when the load to be lowered is too light to descend of its own accord. The controller in such systems is provided with brakl ing and power positions succeeding each other, the braking positions usually preced ing the power positions. it may be that the operator when lowering a heavy load carelessly moves the controller' to the lowering power position, whereupon the motor attains a speed much greater than normal. if after this high speed has been reached the controller is returned to the braking position, an undue strain is imposed upon the motor, and lthere is danger oi burning out the armature. The motor may be protected against accidents of this character by normally interposing in the 1make-circuit a resistance sul'liciently large to keep the current in this circuit at all timos within safe limits; but in such cases a weak braking connection results under normal conditions, and it is impossible to bring the load tov rest through the electric braking action.

The object of the present invention is to provide means in a system oi the character speciiied whereby the motor may operate eflectually as a braking-generator to bring a load to restunder normal conditions and at the same time he protected against damage incase the controller is moved into the power positions and back again into the braking positions when the load is heavy.

To the above ends I have associated with the motor a comparatively high auxiliary resistance which is normally short-circuited or cut out of the braking-circuit when the controller is moved from its off position into the braking positions, "out which is inwill be protected against too heavy currentsy when the controller is impro-perl5T handled.

The present invention will be more i'nlly understood from the 'following description, taken in connection with the accornpanyhig drawings illustrating` one torni of the inven tion. i

ln said drawings, Figure I shows diagrammatically a hoistingnnotor and controller connected and arranged in accordance with the presentinvention. Figs. 2--S, inclusive, show the motor connections in several different po,- sitions of the controller, i

Reference being had to Fig. l, M repre sents a series motor, comprising the armature A and the field F. it is a resistance arranged to be introduced into the inotci"-circuit and removed therefrom section by section to increase the motor` speed. i) is a controller which, as shown, has four forward or hoisting running positions, four reverse or lowering braking positions, and two iowering power positions. B is a brake solenoid. 'lhese various elements may, except as here inaiter specified, take any usual or desired forms. The controller comprises row of fixed contacts l to i5 and rnovabie contacts in the normal. or oilr posiu tion of the controller the movable contacts b b b2 b3 engage, respectively, with fixed con tacts 2, 4, 9, and 10, giving the motor conne/J tions shown in Fig. li-namely, the motor short-circuited upon itself. iii/'hen the controller is moved toward the right, the conftactsff9 are brought into engagement with the iixed contacts along line Z Z, and the foilowing circuits may be traced: from iine L, through fixed contact i, eontactsf, f, and E through the motor-armature, contactsr 4, f3, f4, and 5, through the resistance R, ci? the motor, to ground. A branch circuit passes 'from contact f', through contacts fi and 3, through solenoid E, contacts ii fg fi", to contact 9, thev solenoid. B being ther :ore connected in laraileiism edith the motores-n TOO niiiniro find tho ros:

non' for wi, all ref and they .innrfxird wif-Aron lino iizfinoons rweioleinoo in cir-- ,h rw milf'niod in i'ilA 3. Upon iiroliir hni'ii to tho position Iiro prodinzrii i5 Upon nroi'ii i/lio iontiollcr to tho loft tho 'ino'vvziliio holdin-,lis r zin" iirong'hi into onfinont i iixiid contacts zilonglino l .i io 'following circuito muy now triiifid: H'f'riliin lino it, tlirt'ingh contacts l, 1', i, and 3, zo ihroogh Soir i E, through contacts Il, 1'1"), :incl i'lnongh litho iiold i4-` oi" tho motor, i ground. 'l'ho Vliold ol" tho motor is thus oi;- f-itod and tho ino''hzmii'ni hrnlio iiiiod. Lo- `inninoz n'iih tho init-hand iorniinnl of iii-ld 25 Li, n. iflrmiii only iw irai/0d through the :Lrinninra as l'ollown: through (fontmts Si, 1'" r, 1nd il, through tho inotor-firnminro, henco to nomini L, contact, i, oontnot i, Contact, it), through wiro 'i6 tio tho rig'hbhiind torinio nl l of 'hold Tho nri'nnturo and fiold of tho ,f

niotor nro nov: ronnontod in :i closed circuit, with tho iii-'sld oxvitod by ourron: llonf'ing'; through lho ln: l t-5o,lonoid. This `condition f' is ill'nsrniotl in Fig. it; will on soon that g tho niouor this` tziino produc ith` roiiiost iirnking f ori, sinon thorn io no oxtriinoono rofnlnnio in its ri1i'^i.ii. ,fis 'ihir inmrfiinonr of ho controlior in vontinood this sovtgions oi' rooisiiinro li. tir through von :ir r, y", ond ri, rf 1t-o1\foly, unt/il in iso po ion iforrospimd-ihn to linov 4 rdiolE lho rornnntfo in inilndod in ihn :irrn bnro-cionit :ns shown in Fini'. t3. in ho no Silvi-omino); pooii'ion oi.' ihn niiinil" n'hfn bho inovnlilo Contzii'n filoni;` lino 5 :iro in o irsgzrifonnnt n'fil'h tho li); d igontzwtn thil motor is nonoui-imi dirovlly ii'rorls thiino willi nii rwsintzin i in iwiri'ni* :isv slimiiiin ifig' 7, thiL oporiiiion oliho :noti hoinff o iho lozni downward. l ln iter ,i roniiiin is prodncod.

wut; into thoI i'nnnit zirwffirtfnib will iin noti-d in Figi. l ihzit, n poriion olt rolnjf ii, it wound. `l`h0 oor@ of tho rolrili' is non' lii'tird :ind onlin-is fr" :i1-o ooonod. l'n opornting im rilliijr ostnhlishes for itself n i nniinininingwiroiiit; from liiwy li to conbnc :in hoi'oio, lo ronhii'i r1, contact i3, anxiiinry 1. lli.

I position 1nni'iil thi; t-onizici ffl lozivos Contact iii Wniinioiy7 until tho conilrollir moved to ihy o'il' posiliion. dillo/n, bhoroioro, tho frontirollor in i'vinrnizd lroni tho loworingpower ponitioni; to tho loii'oring brak@ positions, the i'onisiinco ii is inciudfd in tho :immaturo irifuii' of i'iho motor, ns indicated in Fig. 8. Sinon tho resistance li Sorves prinnzrily :1S :in oinorgonoy i'n'otoctivo device, it Should have Such i z-iroi'iit will ho kopt Within Sido limits zilthoiigh tzho spood of tho motor muy have horen hroiigh'iL io several times tho lnoi-inni spoed by i' ho (.fontnrollor having heron moved ronnon ol i. to tho lovmringr power positions' while n, honvjv ioml in hoingr lowered.

Sinon tho rosistinnio H may' ho iniioh griniir thun ihr ontiro rosist'unco l, iii will oilin lio 'iiniwiwssury lo require thol controllor tio he rtinrnod io iis oil position ho- 1`oro liho (-irtuil. oi' the isolinoiti is intirrilptml and the mechanical lirnliing ripplioil, for thvv riiison hiit tli'o'ileot/ri 'nl braking.; action vwill not, ho ini-razioni nnitorinlly :is lihicontrollor nixipromzlns ihn oil'` poniiion.. l havo thorti'oro providoil .inonnsflor npplyingf the tnoihnnif-:ri lirrilio hifioro -lhlx ooiilrollcr ranchos the oil' position in 'raso it. lirslJ has hoon ruinoi'twl to :i loworing' nowvr ponition. To thisrnd tho rohiy ll i5 providod, with :in :nlditio ni svi of (jontni'ls /i, Vnirongg'wl in thr von Lrollorrff4 "liliint" roniiiis iini'ing siii-h i liiosiion ol' thv roniroilor :in fiddiN unioni@ living ihn iiiixiliniji" hriiliinjgj ln iiis shunt :iro silimto'd tht"y rooionni'i-, Minimi# /i/ oi :i iiloyll, sind it.. is twidon't ilint Win i'oniotdo :iro oj'nrnod tho slinnt i about in inw ii' is irroiwn und thil or urn nu shown, sinon in its hrondtr :wooo

tho circuit oi tinl oolonoid will in*y iniorruptod ai tho roliiy md .i'iil ronnzin intori'iiptod uni/il tho controilor n nin rmiohos iiholoii' position. .in ordm', limi/ovm', lflni,y thi) oporition olz ih@ i rolny shaili noi iinniodinhlj,Y apply, thix nioihnnit'nl inzilii-i^oiitnolo ri" 1" :iro orovidoil, willi-is, ihnt in thv limi two hriiliing` positionsv tn'ivin tho loworinwpomr positions ol' iho rontrollor thty nonni-nto with limiti i'onituts lil :ind 1.5, wliii-h :iro r'onniftml in A hiint lo thvy rontnci /1/Y Thus n shunt is l'ornnil iiihoui; thi' rolzry-t'rintntrtf; lw'oro tho i'ilzi); is oporfi'itd, tho liriilwnolflnoiil is noi/ donir 0d nniil thrv'tonlrollir hns lil't position C in -iifs lmriwfnrd niiivoiinii.

i'ilthoiio'h i hnvo do l'irrid l'orni oi ihn pronom, inviniion, l. do noi. don-iro to lio limited io tho inirtfiiznhirlfoim ho orifsfnt ons forms.

inwnt ion innvfv ho cnihodiod in van nino .hn-l'I tho current in thogonoriitor* IOL) IKO

rio

What I claim as new, and desire to secure l supply for o eration as a motor in said power by Letters Patent of the United States, is;

l ln a system of control, a motor, a motorcontroller having "oil'j .braking and power positions, and means associated with said controller for eli'ecting different braking eonditions in the same position of the controller according as tlie controller is moved to the braking position from the oli position or from the power position y 2. ln a system of control, a motor, a motorvcontroller arranged to connect the motor to a source of'power to drive it` when in a power position and to connect said motor as a braking-generator when in a braking position, and means for producing an ultimate change in the, condition of the braking-circuit in the saine position of the controller upon operating thetcontroller from the braking position to the power position and back'to the braking position.

ln a system of control, a motor, a motor-controller having power, braking and oil positions and contacts arranged to respectively connect the motor to a source of current-supply to drive the same, to connect the motor as a braking-generator, and to disconnect the-motor from the source of currentwsupply, in saids'everal positions, and means ior effecting different conditions in the circuit of the braking-generator in the same position of tlie controller according as the. controlleris moved to the braking position from the power position or from the oil position. A

4.- In a system oi control, a motor, a source of current-sup ily, a controller arranged to connect said motor a brakinggenerator in its braking position and for operation as a motor in its power position, a motorprotecting device normally inoper ative wien said motor operates as a braking.- generator, and means for rendering said protecting device operative upon moving the controller from said power position to the said braking position.

5. ln a system 'of control, a motor, a source of current-supply, a rcontroller arranged to connect said motor as a brakinggenerator in its braking position and for operation as a motor in its power position-a normally inoperative resistance, and means for introducing said resistance into the brakingcircuit upon moving the controller troni said power position to said braking'position and .for preventinbv the introduction of said re-` sistance into tlic braking-circuit upon moving tbe' controller .from oil position to said braking position.

ln a system of control, a motor, a

l source of current-sup ly, a motor-protecting device, a controller aving of, braking s and power positions and contacts arranged to connect said motor to said source of current* 'said motor, said controller liaving o" position an to connect said motor as a braku ing-generator inde endently of" said protecting device when t e controller is moved to the brakin )osition from tlie oli osition i and means for bringing said protecting device into play upon moving tlie controller from the power position to tbe braking position.

7. In a system of control, a motor, a

source of current-supply, a motoneontroller having braking and power positions, conu tacts in said controller arranged to connect said motor as a braking-generator in the braking ositi'on, an auxiliary braking reu sistance in the generator-circuit, means for normally short-circuiting said resistance, and means associated with .said controller for openin said short circ-uit upon moving the control er to the braking position through the power position. y

8.'In va system of control, a motor, a source of currentsupply, a motor-controller having off,. braking and power positions, -f

contacts ,on said controller arranged to connect said motor for operation as a brakingu generator 1n said braking position and for loperation as a motor in said power position,

an auxiliary braking resistance, a relay for normally short-circuiting said resistance,r contacts in the power posi-tions oi' said con troller for completing an actuating-circuit for said relay, and means for maintaining said relayin its actuated position until the con troller is returned to its oil position.

9. In a hoisting system, a motor, a reversingfcontroller for .said motor, said controller having an ol position between its up and down7 sides and braking anc. power positions on its lown: side and means associated with said contioll ,i "ir ellocting different braking conditions according as tire controller is moved to tlie braking position or positions from, the oil position or troni the down power position or positions.

10'. ln a hoisting system, a motor, source of current-supply,- a reversing-controlle= 'tor i its down side braking and power po an'd contacts arrangel'l to connect s il as a braking-generator in said braking position or positions and 'for operation as a motor in said power position or positions, inotor protective device normally inoperative when said motor operates a braking-generator,

,and means `for rendering said protective device operative upon moving tlie controller from said power position or positions to tiere said braking position ,or positions.

11. In a hoisting system, a motor, a source of current-supply, a reversingscontroller liav ing between its up and down sides an olf position and braking and power positions on its don/n3 side, contacteer: said IOO . :gasses controller arranged to connecty said motor l sind means for Maintaining said relay in its 1o for opcrtion as a braking-generator in said actuated position Until the controller is rebraking position oi positions and for operturned toits "ol position.

ation as :L motor in Said power position o1". In Witness whereof l have lieounto sot my positions, an auxiliary bra-king resistance, honrlthis14th(layofAuguSt, 1905.

and :i relay for noi'inzilly short-oirouiting said CARL SCH IEBELEI resistance, contacts in the said power. posi- Witnesses: tion or positions of the controller for oom-Ki .t JULIUS l'tUMLAND, plating an actuating-circuit for said relay COPAR SlNGnR. 

